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Weight and heat, from the inputs only

Mass tools multiply a volume by a density you can see. Heat tools stop at sensible heat or steady conduction.

Logic

A steel plate at 7,850 kg/m³, 2 m by 1 m by 10 mm, is 157 kg. A 16 mm round bar is 1.578 kg/m, so 12 m is 18.94 kg. Concrete at 2,400 kg/m³, 0.5 m³, is 1,200 kg. A slab of 4.5 m by 2 m by 0.2 m is 1.800 m³ before that density is applied. Use plate weight, rebar weight, mass and concrete volume.

Free expansion is αLΔT. Steel at 12×10⁻⁶, 10 m, 40°C, moves 4.8 mm if nothing restrains it. Restraint would produce a force. That force is not calculated. Use thermal expansion.

Sensible heat is mcΔT. 50 kg of water, 4.186 kJ/kg·K, 20 K, is 4,186 kJ. Fabric loss is UAΔT. U 0.28, 40 m², 20 K, is 224 W. Neither includes ventilation or a change of phase. Use sensible heat and fabric heat loss.

Last checked 2 October 2026. The logic is the textbook relationship named above. It is not a code check. See standards these tools do not replace.